Jennifer Hessler is a PhD Candidate in Film and Media Studies at University of California, Santa Barbara. Her dissertation, “The Nielsen Ratings: From the Audimeter to Big Data,” is a recuperative history of the television ratings that examines ratings technologies and methods as precursory models of data-driven consumer surveillance. She has published work with Media Fields journal and The Velvet Light Trap, and has served as an editorial assistant for the journal Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies.